moving stream by manual techniques are also subject
to human error.
During board/board transhipments, sampling is
only permitted once the loading operations of a barge
are completed. RC Inspection samples each loaded
barge separately and the obtained and prepared
samples are kept separately for both analysis and as
reserve samples. Reserve samples are kept for at least
three months, unless the client requests different.
The visual inspection will be performed using
both infrared temperature control and deep
temperature control. These are regularly important
for the incoming cargoes, stockpiled cargoes and for
the cargoes re-loaded ex stockpile. RC Inspection has
developed its own procedures for temperature
control to protect the quality of the cargo, as well to
avoid self-combustion.
When a cargo is reloaded from the stockpile, the
river barges and/or loaded trains, have to be
visually inspected before barge-gauging in empty
condition and before the start of loading operations
to protect the quality of the cargo. The surveyors
have to inspect for the presence of traces of
previous cargoes, contamination, free water and
possible damages.
By means of a highly‑representative survey on a
certain coal cargo, the value will be established on a
certain moment. This can be the moment of receiving
a cargo during discharging operations onto the
stockpile, by means of transhipment directly into
barges or by means of reloading operations from the
stockpile onboard a vessel, barge or railcars.
Sample preparation
Before commencing analysis of the obtained sub-lot
samples, these obtained samples have to be prepared.
One of the first steps in sample preparation is crushing
the raw material down below 10 mm. After crushing,
the material should be carefully mixed and reduced
down to the obtained quantity of crushed sample
material ready to be handled. Crushing of the obtained
samples has to be performed by means of an old
fashioned jaw-crusher or by means of a hammer
crusher or rotary crusher.
Out of the reduced quantity of sample material,
samples will be extracted for total moisture analyses
and chemical analyses. The sample for chemical
analyses has to be air-dried in a thermostatically
controlled air-ventilated dry oven at a temperature of
maximum 30˚C. In the oven, the coal sample must be
spread thinly on trays and must be air-dried for an
excessive amount of time, in which oxidation of the
coal should be avoided.
The pulverisation process of the air-dried sample
material also has to be performed by means of
special pulverisation equipment. The equipment that
should be used depends on what commodity needs to
be pulverised.
Carbolite’s extensive
range of furnaces
offers accurate and
precise analysis of
coal and coke
samples.
Models available for
n
Coal ash fusibility
n
Ashing
n
Volatile matter
(ASTM & ISO)
n
Swelling number
n
Moisture content
n
Iron ore reducibility
n
Coke reactivity
index (ASTM & ISO)
n
Moving wall coking
oven
Furnaces for
coal and coke testing
Coal ash fusibility
furnace (CAF)
Swelling number
furnace (SNF)
